Ground potential rise is a very important and very dangerous event. The grounding engineer will be required to develop safety systems to protect any personnel working where ground potential rise hazards are known to exist.
In many areas, the construction management (CM) has emerged as the go-to replacement for more traditionally and historically accepted general contractor-led project delivery methods, particularly regarding large governmental or institutional work.
This technical article describes the basic principles of three-phase systems and the difference between the different measurement connections that are possible.
The first step to understanding current limitation is to understand what the current waveform looks like during a short-circuit event. To understand the peak current let-through; up and over on the curve.
Voltage drop is only mentioned in some sections of the NEC as informational notes, and is required to be calculated in other sections of the Code.
The following is a real-life example of a church supplied from a 208Y/120 VAC, 300 KVA, 3-phase pad mount utility transformer.
The National Electrical Code (NEC) contains sufficient rules and requirements that apply to box fill calculation requirements.
The intent of 110.16 in the NEC is to help ensure electrical workers wear proper PPE where justified energized work must be performed.
In June 2016, CE Code Technical Committee voted on and agreed to the following definition changes in Section 0.
When considering the arc flash hazard there are two questions we need to ask (the same two questions for any hazard): What is the likelihood it will happen? and How severe will the impact be?